The vagina is a muscle-type tissue. 5No, lemon juice does not tighten anything. 1– 4 Its contraceptive effectiveness has also been reported. Vaginal cleansing before or after, or between, the act of intercourse is thought to treat gynaecological diseases, prevent sexually transmitted infections and restore and tighten the vagina after delivery.
6– 8There are many natural solutions you can prepare at home and apply them for a lighter vagina. You can also try a banana mask to firm and tone neck skin.Increasingly, evidence also suggests some adverse reproductive health effects of vaginal douching agents (including lime juice), which includes increased risks of bacterial vaginosis, HIV infection, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and cervical cancer. Add some lemon juice to egg whites and apply them to leave it for 30 minutes. Egg whites are astringent and rich sources of vitamin E which enhance the flow of blood and generate collagen to tighten skin.
For this you will need 1/2 lemon, 1 tbsp honey and one tbsp powdered milk. Do not mix lemon juice with anything else.The next option is to make a lemon juice face mask. You may apply lemon or its juice. You could use yogurt and orange peel powder, make a paste and apply it.
Or, you could also mix witch hazel and lemon juice with the ratio of 1:1, then add 5 drops of almond oil into Anecdotal information from health workers within Borno State, Nigeria reports that a significant number of female commercial sex workers (CSWs) in the area douched with lime juice before or after sexual intercourse. This can help tighten your pores and prevent the signs of premature aging. Apply rose water on your facial and neck skin before hitting the hay. This will lighten your skin, but the other ingredients stops the acid from causing damage. Apply to your face and leave on for about 20 minutes before rinsing and moisturizing.
The principal tribes of the state are the Kanuri, followed by the Babur, Bura, Marghi, Shuwa Arabs, Fulani and the Hausa. 10 Islam is the major religion, followed by Christianity. There are 27 local government areas (LGAs) in the state and Maiduguri is the state capital.The state covers an area of 69 436 km 2 and has a population of 4 151 193 (according to the 2006 national population census), with 64.37% of the populace living in rural areas and 35.63% in urban. Within Nigeria, it shares borders with Yobe, Adamawa and Gombe States to the north-west and south, respectively. The state occupies a greater part of the Chad Basin area borders three African countries, namely, Niger to the north, Chad to the north-east and Cameroon to the east.
Baga, Ngala and Askira/Uba), were not included in the survey.This study was conducted in three LGAs: the Metropolitan Council of Maiduguri, Ngala and Askira/Uba, representing the three senatorial zones of Borno State, Nigeria. However, this prevalence rate of 3.2% is not realistic as hot-spot areas, such as border towns 12 (e.g. 11 The HIV/AIDS prevalence has been fluctuating from 4.5% to 5.4% the current 2003 sentinel survey amongst women attending ante-natal clinics indicated the prevalence at 3.2%. Only 2% of women in this region are said to be using modern contraceptives. The crude birth rate is 43., the gross fertility rate is 1 and the maternal mortality ratio is 1549 per 100 000 live births.
Further information on the douching practice with lime juice was also obtained, which included the duration of this practice, the frequency of douching relative to sexual exposure, when douching was carried out in relation to sexual activity, concentration of the lime juice used, and reason/s for the douching (e.g. Information pertaining to their demographic data, sexual history (duration of sexual exposure, number of sexual partners and frequency of sexual exposure over a period of time) and history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were obtained. Finally, the CSWs were taken to a clinic for pelvic examination, endocervical and high vaginal swabs, the Papanicouleaua (pap) smear and venous blood sampling for HIV screening. Exclusion criteria were the use of barrier and hormonal contraceptives and the use of other douching methods, such as medicated creams, lotions or soaps. Simple random sampling was used to select brothels in each of the communities studied, with the leader of the CSWs in each brothel also randomly selecting the CSWs for the interview. 12 This study was conducted between 04 and 30 July 2008.A sample of 194 CSWs were randomly selected and interviewed, both in formal (brothel) and informal settlements in the three LGAs.
After voluntary confidential counselling, specimens of venous blood were obtained for serologic tests for HIV.Data were analysed using the statistical package SPSS version 11.0 and the chi-square test was used for test of significance using Epi info 2002 version. A pap smear was also obtained to evaluate for possible cervical lesions. Each of the CSWs came to the clinic with a referral note which was given to the consulting doctor only.Pelvic examination and specimens of the endocervix and high vaginal swabs were collected for microbiological evaluation of Neisseria gonorrhoea, Candida albicans, Trichomonas vaginalis and Bacterial vaginosis. Each of the CSWs visited the clinic during clinic hours and was seen as if she had come for a routine consultation. This information was obtained on a one-to-one basis, confidentiality was assured to the CSWs and informed consent obtained.
The study shows that douching practices are common among CSWs in the community and the reasons include sexual pleasure, hygiene and contraception. The pap smear results tabulated in Table 4 show that there were more cases of moderate to severe dysplastic cervical changes among users (35 29.2%) than non-users (10 13.5%), but there were more inflammatory cells and mild dysplastic changes among non-users (24 32%) than users (27 22.5%).The main objective of this study was to determine the social and health reasons for vaginal douching with lime juice among CSWs in Borno State, Nigeria. The serological test for HIV was higher in users, 58 (48.3%), compared to non-users, 29 (39.2%). Multiple organisms were isolated in both the users and the non-users, but significant numbers of users harboured more Neisseria gonorrhoea (56.7%), Trichomonas vaginalis (65%) and Bacterial vaginosis (58.3%) than non-users, with 40.5%, 43% and 27% of the organisms, respectively. More users (54, 45%) applied a mixture of one part lime juice to four parts water, compared to those (39, 32.5%) who used a 1:1 mixture of lime juice and water.Table 3 shows the results of a microbiological analysis and a serological test for HIV and other STIs.
13 It is possible that non-CSWs that constituted the population in the latter study made the prevalence much lower.Our findings also revealed that a significant number of lime-juice users have been practicing CSWs for a longer period (> 3 years) and also had more sexual partners, when compared to non-users. However, our figure (62%) is much higher than that reported in the USA (37%) among females of reproductive age. However, it must be noted that confounding factors, such as the number of sexual partners, period of time spent in commercial sex work and the number of sexual encounters per day, do not allow us to conclude that douching practice is the only act responsible for the high prevalence of STIs in the CSWs.As a result of this study it was found that vaginal douching is common among CSWs, with a prevalence of 62%, which correlates with an earlier report of 72% among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya 1, a similar African setting. The pap smear test for cervical lesions also show that moderate to severe dysplastic changes are more prevalent among lime-juice users.Although this is a descriptive study that lacks a control of variables, it has the advantages of being community-based and it provides the baseline data of douching practices among the CSWs from some communities in Nigeria, as well as the influence of this practice on the prevalence of STIs, including HIV and uterine cervical lesions. More of the users have a higher prevalence of HIV infection than non-users.
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